Adén (Ciudad)

"Adén o Aden (árabe: Adan [dæn]) es una ciudad de Yemen, 170 kilómetros (105 millas) al Este del estrecho de Bab-el-Mandeb. Es un puerto natural, construido en una vieja península volcánica y cuyos primeros registros datan de los siglos V y VII antes de Cristo, durante la existencia del Reino de Aswan. Tiene una población de unos 800.000 habitantes. Adén consiste en un conglomerado de ciudades: La portuaria, la industrial conocida como "pequeña Adén" y Madinat ash-Sha'b, donde se encuentra el gobierno. Al norte de la ciudad vieja están los suburbios Khormaksar y Sheikh Othman, con un aeropuerto internacional entre ellos. Esta ciudad fue la capital de la República Democrática Popular del Yemen (Yemen del Sur) hasta que se unieron Yemen del Norte y Yemen del Sur. Luego se la declaró zona de libre comercio. Le da su nombre al golfo de Adén."

"Aden (UK /edn/ AY-duhn, US /dn/ AH-den; Arabic: Adin/Adan Yemeni pronunciation: [æden, ædæn]) is a port city in Yemen, located by the eastern approach to the Red Sea (the Gulf of Aden), some 170 kilometres (110 mi) east of Bab-el-Mandeb. Its population is approximately 800,000 people. Aden's ancient, natural harbour lies in the crater of a dormant volcano which now forms a peninsula, joined to the mainland by a low isthmus. This harbour, Front Bay, was first used by the ancient Kingdom of Awsan between the 5th and 7th centuries BC. The modern harbour is on the other side of the peninsula. Aden gives its name to the Gulf of Aden. Aden consists of a number of distinct sub-centres: Crater, the original port city; Ma'alla, the modern port; Tawahi, known as "Steamer Point" in the colonial period; and the resorts of Gold Mohur. Khormaksar, located on the isthmus that connects Aden proper with the mainland, includes the city's diplomatic missions, the main offices of Aden University, and Aden International Airport (the former British Royal Air Force station RAF Khormaksar), Yemen's second biggest airport. On the mainland are the sub-centres of Sheikh Othman, a former oasis area; Al-Mansura, a town planned by the British; and Madinat ash-Sha'b (formerly Madinat al-Itihad), the site designated as the capital of the South Arabian Federation and now home to a large power/desalinization facility and additional faculties of Aden University. Aden encloses the eastern side of a vast, natural harbour that comprises the modern port. The volcanic peninsula of Little Aden forms a near-mirror image, enclosing the harbour and port on the western side. Little Aden became the site of the oil refinery and tanker port. Both were established and operated by British Petroleum until they were turned over to Yemeni government ownership and control in 1978. Aden was the capital of the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen until that country's unification with the Yemen Arab Republic in 1990, and again briefly served as Yemen's temporary capital during the aftermath of the 201415 Yemeni coup d'état, as declared by President Abd Rabbuh Mansur Hadi after he fled the Houthi occupation of Sana'a. From March to July 2015, the Battle of Aden raged between Houthis and loyalists to President Hadi. Water, food, and medical supplies ran short in the city. On 14 July, the Saudi Army launched an offensive to retake Aden for Hadi's government. Within three days the Houthis had been removed from the city."