Canal del Mediodía (Canal)

"El canal del Mediodía (canal du Midi en francés, canal del Miègjorn en occitano) es una vía navegable de Francia que une el río Garona en Toulouse con el mar Mediterráneo. Forma junto al canal lateral del Garona (que une Toulouse y Burdeos) el llamado canal de los dos Mares que comunica por vía fluvial el Atlántico al Mediterráneo, siendo prolongado en su origen por el canal del Ródano a Sète. En el momento de su construcción se le llamó Canal Real del Languedoc, siendo rebautizado con el nombre actual en 1789 durante la Revolución francesa. Se trata del canal navegable en funcionamiento más antiguo de Europa."

"The Canal du Midi (Occitan: Canal de las Doas Mars, meaning canal of the two seas) is a 241 km (150 mi) long canal in Southern France (French: le Midi). It was originally named the Canal royal en Languedoc (Royal Canal in Languedoc) but the French revolutionaries renamed it to Canal du Midi in 1789. It was considered at the time to be one of the greatest construction works of the 17th century. The canal connects the Garonne River to the Étang de Thau on the Mediterranean and along with the 193 km (120 mi) long Canal de Garonne forms the Canal des Deux Mers joining the Atlantic to the Mediterranean. The canal runs from the city of Toulouse down to the Étang de Thau near the Mediterranean. Strictly speaking, the Canal du Midi means that part initially built from Toulouse to the Mediterranean the Deux-Mers canal project aimed to link together several sections of navigable waterways to join the Mediterranean and the Atlantic: first the Canal du Midi, then the Garonne which was more or less navigable between Toulouse and Bordeaux, then the Garonne Lateral Canal built later, and finally the Gironde estuary after Bordeaux. The construction of the canal was motivated by wheat trade. Jean-Baptiste Colbert authorized the commencement of work by a royal edict of October 1666. Under the supervision of Pierre-Paul Riquet the construction took from 1666 to 1681 during the reign of Louis XIV. The Canal du Midi is one of the oldest canals of Europe still in operation (the prototype being the Briare Canal). The challenges in these works are closely related to the challenges of river transport today. The key challenge, raised by Pierre-Paul Riquet, was to convey water from the Montagne Noire (Black Mountains) to the Seuil de Naurouze, the highest point of the canal. It was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1996."