Estonia

"Estonia, oficialmente República de Estonia (en estonio: Eesti Vabariik), es una república báltica situada en el norte de Europa. Desde 2004 forma parte de la Unión Europea (UE) y de la OTAN. Limita al sur con Letonia, al este con Rusia, al norte con el golfo de Finlandia y al oeste con el mar Báltico. El territorio de Estonia comprende una región continental y un conjunto de 2.222 islas e islotes dentro del mar Báltico, cubriendo un total de 45.339 km2. Está dividida políticamente en 15 condados, y la capital del país es su ciudad más grande, Tallinn. Con una población de 1.3 millones, Estonia es uno de los países menos poblados dentro de la Unión Europea. El pueblo estonio es étnica y lingüísticamente hermano del finés y tiene lazos históricos y culturales con los países nórdicos al igual que los otros dos países bálticos, esto a pesar de que los países nórdicos no les reconocen todavía su adscripción a este grupo, aunque están en negociaciones para adherirse al Consejo Nórdico, siendo los países miembros observadores del bloque nórdico. Estonia adoptó el euro el 1 de enero de 2011, sustituyendo a la antigua denominación corona estonia."

"Estonia (/stoni/; Estonian: Eesti [esti]), officially the Republic of Estonia (Estonian: Eesti Vabariik), is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland, to the west by the Baltic Sea, to the south by Latvia (343 km), and to the east by Lake Peipus and Russia (338.6 km). Across the Baltic Sea lies Sweden in the west and Finland in the north. The territory of Estonia consists of a mainland and 2,222 islands and islets in the Baltic Sea, covering 45,339 km2 (17,505 sq mi) of land, and is influenced by a humid continental climate. The territory of Estonia has been inhabited since at least 6,500 BCE, with Finno-Ugric speakers the linguistic ancestors of modern Estonians arriving no later than around 1800 BCE. Following centuries of successive Teutonic, Danish, Swedish, and Russian rule, Estonians experienced a national awakening that culminated in independence from the Russian Empire towards the end of World War I. During World War II, Estonia was occupied by the Soviet Union in 1940, then Nazi Germany a year later and again annexed by the Soviets in 1944, after which it was reconstituted as the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic. In 1988, during the Singing Revolution, the Estonian SSR issued the Estonian Sovereignty Declaration in defiance of the Soviet rule, and independence was restored on the night of 20 August 1991, during the 1991 attempted coup by the Soviets. Modern Estonia is a democratic parliamentary republic divided into fifteen counties, with its capital and largest city being Tallinn. With a population of 1.3 million, it is one of the least-populous member states of the European Union, Eurozone, the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO), the OECD and the Schengen Area. Ethnic Estonians are a Finnic people, sharing close cultural ties with their northern neighbour, Finland, and the official language, Estonian, is a Finno-Ugric language closely related to Finnish and the Sami languages, and distantly to Hungarian. Estonia is a developed country with an advanced, high-income economy that is among the fastest growing in the EU. It ranks very high in the Human Development Index, and performs favourably in measurements of economic freedom, civil liberties, education, and press freedom."