Bergen

"Acerca de este sonido Bergen (?·i) ([bærn]) es la segunda ciudad más grande de Noruega con 275 112 habitantes a 1 de enero de 2015 según los datos de Statistics Norway. Situada en el oeste del país, formó parte de la Liga Hanseática. Bergen también es un municipio y la capital de la provincia de Hordaland. La ciudad se sitúa en la costa sudoeste de Noruega, en un valle formado por un grupo de montañas conocido colectivamente como de syv fjell «las siete montañas». Bergen es la capital oficiosa de la región de Vestlandet, y también se la conoce y promociona como la puerta de entrada a los famosos fiordos noruegos, y por ello también se ha convertido en el mayor puerto de cruceros turísticos de Noruega, y uno de los mayores de Europa. Además, el puerto también es por mucho el mayor de Noruega: en 2005, gestionó más del 50 % de mercancías por vía marítima en Noruega. El primero en nombrar «las siete montañas» fue Ludvig Holberg, inspirándose en las siete colinas de Roma. La región económica de Bergen es la segunda mayor del país, tras el área metropolitana de la capital, y consiste en la ciudad propiamente dicha y sus municipios circundantes, que totalizan 373 224 habitantes a 1 de enero de 2007 La ciudad se divide en ocho barrios: Arna, Bergenhus, Fana, Fyllingsdalen, Laksevåg, Ytrebygda, Årstad y Åsane. La revista Time nombró a la ciudad una de las catorce «capitales secretas europeas» agosto de 2004, en reconocimiento a su gran actividad económica relacionada con el mar, con la acuicultura y la investigación marítima, con el Instituto de Investigación Marítima (IMR), el segundo mayor de Europa, como institución puntera. Bergen también es la base principal de la Marina Real Noruega (en Haakonsvern) y su aeropuerto internacional, Flesland, es el principal helipuerto de la importante industria petrolera y gasística, desde el cual miles de trabajadores en ultramar se trasladan a sus puesto de trabajo a bordo de las plataformas petrolíferas y perforaciones. Bergen fue una de las nueve ciudades europeas honradas con el título de Capital Europea de la Cultura en 2000. La ciudad será la sede de los Campeonatos Mundiales de Ciclismo en Ruta de 2017."

"Bergen (Norwegian pronunciation: [bærn] , historically Bjørgvin, is a city and municipality in Hordaland on the west coast of Norway. At the end of the first quarter of 2016, the municipality's population was 278,121, and the urban population was 250,420 as of 1 January 2015, Approximately 420,000 people live in the Bergen area. Bergen is the second-largest city in Norway. The municipality covers an area of 465 square kilometres (180 sq mi) and is located on the peninsula of Bergenshalvøyen. The city centre and northern neighbourhoods are located on Byfjorden, "the city fjord", and the city is surrounded by mountains; Bergen is known as the city of seven mountains. Many of the extra-municipal suburbs are located on islands. Bergen is the administrative centre of Hordaland and consists of eight boroughsArna, Bergenhus, Fana, Fyllingsdalen, Laksevåg, Ytrebygda, Årstad and Åsane. Trading in Bergen may have started as early as the 1020s. According to tradition, the city was founded in 1070 by king Olav Kyrre; its name was Bjørgvin, "the green meadow among the mountains". It served as Norway's capital in the 13th century, and from the end of the 13th century became a bureau city of the Hanseatic League. Until 1789, Bergen enjoyed exclusive rights to mediate trade between Northern Norway and abroad and it was the largest city in Norway until the 1830s when it was surpassed by the capital, Oslo. What remains of the quays, Bryggen, is a World Heritage Site. The city was hit by numerous fires over the years. The "Bergen School of Meteorology" was developed at the Geophysical Institute beginning in 1917, the Norwegian School of Economics was founded in 1936, and the University of Bergen in 1946. From 1831 to 1972, Bergen was its own county. In 1972 the municipality absorbed four surrounding municipalities, and at the same time became a part of Hordaland county. The city is an international centre for aquaculture, shipping, offshore petroleum industry and subsea technology, and a national centre for higher education, media, tourism and finance. Bergen Port is Norway's busiest in both freight and passengers with over 300 cruise ship calls a year bringing nearly a half a million passengers to Bergen, a number that has doubled in ten years. Almost half of the passengers are German or British. The city's main football team is SK Brann and the city's unique tradition is the buekorps. Natives speak the distinct Bergensk dialect. The city features Bergen Airport, Flesland, Bergen Light Rail, and is the terminus of the Bergen Line. Four large bridges connect Bergen to its suburban municipalities. Bergen is well known for having the mildest winter climate, though with a lot of precipitation, of all cities in the Nordic countries. In December - March, the temperature difference between Bergen and Oslo can be up to 30 degrees Celsius, despite the fact that both cities are located at approximately 60 degrees North. The Gulf Stream keeps the sea relatively warm, considering the latitude, and the mountains protect the city from cold winds from the north, north-east and east."