Kaliningrado (Óblast)

"El óblast de Kaliningrado (en ruso, , tr.: Kaliningrádskaya óblast, en alemán, Gebiet Kaliningrad o Nordostpreussen, Prusia del Noreste), coloquialmente conocida como la región del Ámbar es un sujeto federal ruso, una óblast. Está situado en la costa báltica, sin conexión alguna con el resto de Rusia, por lo que constituye un exclave ruso. Comparte frontera con Lituania y Polonia, ambos miembros de la Unión Europea y la OTAN. Su ciudad más importante es Kaliningrado, antes conocida como Königsberg, ciudad natal del filósofo Immanuel Kant, que tiene una importancia significativa como la mayor ciudad de la antigua Prusia y como capital de la antigua provincia alemana de Prusia del Este. El óblast tiene una superficie de 15.100 km² y contaba con una población estimada en 2004 de 968.200 habitantes (955.281 hab. en el Censo ruso de 2002)."

"Kaliningrad Oblast (Russian: , Kaliningradskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia that is located on the coast of the Baltic Sea. As an oblast, its constitutional status is equal to each of the other 84 federal subjects. Its administrative center is the city of Kaliningrad, formerly known as Königsberg. It is the only Baltic port in the Russian Federation that remains ice-free in winter. According to the 2010 census, it had a population of 941,873. The oblast is an exclave so visa-free travel to the main part of Russia is only possible by sea or air. The territory was formerly part of East Prussia. With the defeat of Nazi Germany in 1945, the territory was annexed by the Soviet Union. Following the post-war migration and expulsion of the German-speaking population, the territory was populated with citizens from the Soviet Union. Today, virtually no ethnic Germans remain. Early in the 21st century, the hitherto flagging economy of Kaliningrad Oblast became one of the best performing economies in Russia. This was helped by a low manufacturing tax rate related to its "Special Economic Zone" (SEZ) status. As of 2006, one in three televisions manufactured in Russia came from Kaliningrad. The territory's population was one of the few in Russia that was expected to show strong growth after the collapse of the USSR."