América

"América (en inglés: the Americas, en francés: Amérique, en portugués: as Américas) es el segundo continente más grande de la Tierra, después de Asia. Ocupa gran parte del hemisferio occidental del planeta. Se extiende desde el océano Glacial Ártico por el norte hasta las islas Diego Ramírez por el sur, en la confluencia de los océanos Atlántico y Pacífico, los cuales a su vez delimitan al continente por el este y el oeste, respectivamente. Con una superficie de más de 43 316 000 km², es la segunda masa de tierra más grande del globo, cubriendo el 8,4 % de la superficie total del planeta y el 30,2 % de la tierra emergida, y además concentrando cerca del 12 % de la población humana. Las mayores aglomeraciones urbanas de América son Ciudad de México, Nueva York y São Paulo. Debido a su gran tamaño y sus características geográficas, en algunas culturas América es dividida tradicionalmente en América del Norte, América Central, las Antillas y América del Sur. Algunos geógrafos consideran a América Central y las Antillas como una subregión dentro de América del Norte. Atendiendo a sus características culturales, se distinguen América Anglosajona y América Latina. América fue poblada desde el Asia oriental y evolucionó durante miles de años sin tener contacto con otros continentes, estableciéndose diversas culturas a lo largo de todo su territorio y generando sus propias revoluciones neolíticas. A partir de la llegada de los españoles en 1492, el continente estableció un intercambio social y ecológico significativo con Eurasia y África."

"The Americas, also collectively called America, encompass the totality of the continents of North America and South America. Together they make up most of Earth's western hemisphere and comprise the New World. Along with their associated islands, they cover 8% of Earth's total surface area and 28.4% of its land area. The topography is dominated by the American Cordillera, a long chain of mountains that run the length of the west coast. The flatter eastern side of the Americas is dominated by large river basins, such as the Amazon, St. Lawrence River / Great Lakes basin, Mississippi, and La Plata. Since the Americas extend 14,000 km (8,700 mi) from north to south, the climate and ecology vary widely, from the arctic tundra of Northern Canada, Greenland, and Alaska, to the tropical rain forests in Central America and South America. Humans first settled the Americas from Asia between 42,000 and 17,000 years ago. A second migration of Na-Dene speakers followed later from Asia. The subsequent migration of the Inuit into the neoarctic around 3500 BCE completed what is generally regarded as the settlement by the indigenous peoples of the Americas. The first known European settlement in the Americas was by the Norse explorer Leif Ericson. However the colonization never became permanent and was later abandoned. The voyages of Christopher Columbus from 1492 to 1502 resulted in permanent contact with European (and subsequently, other Old World) powers, which led to the Columbian exchange. Diseases introduced from Europe and Africa devastated the indigenous peoples, and the European powers colonized the Americas. Mass emigration from Europe, including large numbers of indentured servants, and importation of African slaves largely replaced the indigenous peoples. Decolonization of the Americas began with the American Revolution in 1776 and Haitian Revolution in 1791. Currently, almost all of the population of the Americas resides in independent countries; however, the legacy of the colonization and settlement by Europeans is that the Americas share many common cultural traits, most notably Christianity and the use of Indo-European languages; primarily Spanish, English, Portuguese, French and to a lesser extent, Dutch. The population is over 1 billion, with over 65% of them living in one of the three most populous countries (the United States, Brazil, and Mexico). The most populous cities are São Paulo, Mexico City, New York City, Buenos Aires and Los Angeles."